During which phase does the cell replicate its DNA?

The synthesis phase, often referred to as the S phase, is the critical phase during the cell cycle in which DNA replication occurs. During this phase, the cell duplicates its entire genome, ensuring that each daughter cell will receive an identical set of chromosomes upon cell division. This process is crucial for maintaining genetic continuity from one generation of cells to the next.

Understanding the cell cycle helps place the synthesis phase in context. The M phase is when cell division takes place, and the Gap 1 phase occurs before DNA synthesis, during which the cell grows and prepares for DNA replication. The Gap 2 phase follows DNA synthesis and involves further growth and preparation for mitosis. Thus, the synthesis phase stands out as the definitive period for DNA replication in the cell cycle.