What health concern is commonly caused by excess nitrogen in drinking water?

The health concern commonly caused by excess nitrogen in drinking water is known as blue baby syndrome. This condition occurs primarily due to elevated levels of nitrate in the water, often from agricultural runoff or the excessive use of fertilizers. When infants consume water high in nitrates, it can lead to methemoglobinemia, a condition where the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood is reduced, resulting in a bluish tint of the skin, particularly around the lips and fingertips.

This syndrome primarily affects infants under six months of age because their digestive systems are not fully developed, making them more susceptible to the effects of nitrate. This concern highlights the importance of monitoring and managing nitrogen levels in water supplies, particularly in agricultural areas. Understanding this issue is crucial for ensuring safe drinking water and protecting vulnerable populations, such as infants, from health risks associated with contaminated water sources.