What is the chemical description of water?

The chemical description of water is H2O, which indicates that each molecule of water is composed of two hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to one oxygen atom. This simple formula reflects the fundamental structure of water and explains its unique properties, such as its high specific heat, solvent capabilities, and role in supporting life.

The structure of H2O also accounts for water's polar nature, with oxygen being more electronegative than hydrogen, leading to a partial negative charge on the oxygen and a partial positive charge on the hydrogen atoms. This polarity is critical for the formation of hydrogen bonds between water molecules, which contributes to many of water's characteristics, including its cohesion, adhesion, and its role in biological systems.