What is the primary purpose of fertilizers in soil?

Fertilizers play a crucial role in soil health primarily by providing essential nutrients that plants need for growth and development. These nutrients include macronutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, as well as micronutrients such as iron, manganese, and zinc. Each of these elements supports various biological functions within the plant, including growth, root development, flowering, and the overall ability to produce food through photosynthesis.

While enhancing water retention can be beneficial for plant health, this is not the primary role of fertilizers. Similarly, changing soil pH is an important factor for plant health and can be influenced by soil amendments, but it is not the main purpose of fertilizers. Controlling pests is another aspect of agricultural practices, often addressed through pesticides rather than fertilizers. Therefore, the provision of essential nutrients stands out as the primary purpose of fertilizers in supporting plant growth and fostering soil quality.