What term describes a body of water negatively affected by the addition of large amounts of minerals or pathogens?

The term that best describes a body of water negatively affected by the addition of large amounts of minerals or pathogens is "polluted." Pollution refers to the introduction of harmful substances or contaminants into an environment, which can disrupt ecosystems, harm aquatic life, and affect water quality for human use. In the context of water, this can include excess nutrients leading to issues like algal blooms or the introduction of pathogens that can pose health risks.

Other terms do not accurately convey the specific implications of harmful substances being introduced into water. For instance, while "dirty" might suggest that water is not clean, it lacks the specificity regarding contamination levels or the presence of harmful materials. "Damaged" could imply physical harm but doesn't directly address the addition of minerals or pathogens. Similarly, "convoluted" refers to something complex or intricate, which is unrelated to water quality and contamination issues. Thus, "polluted" effectively encapsulates the definition of water adversely affected by undesirable substances.