Which of the following is NOT a potential concern when using herbicide resistant crops?

The correct choice indicates that the potential for "higher crop yields with reduced production costs" is not a concern associated with the use of herbicide-resistant crops. In fact, this represents one of the primary advantages of such technology. Herbicide-resistant crops are designed to allow farmers to apply specific herbicides that control weeds without damaging the crop. This can lead to more effective weed management, enabling crops to grow more vigorously and potentially increasing yields while also lowering production costs, as growers spend less time and resources on weed control.

In contrast, other options highlight genuine concerns that have emerged with the adoption of herbicide-resistant crops. For example, the creation of new weed species through outcrossing can occur when herbicide-resistant crops crossbreed with wild relatives, leading to the emergence of weeds that can survive herbicides designed to target them. The development of herbicide-resistant weed biotypes is another critical issue, as over-reliance on a specific herbicide can lead to the selection of weed populations that adapt and become resistant, complicating weed management in the long term. Lastly, the potential loss of certain countries as customers arises from trade barriers or regulatory issues that can result from the use of genetically modified organisms, impacting market access.